Electrochemical contributions: Julius Tafel (1862–1918)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Julius Tafel (Figure 1) was a Swiss chemist and electrochemist. started his scientific career working on the field of organic chemistry with Hermann Emil Fischer, but soon changed interests to electrochemistry after work Wilhelm Ostwald. Then, Tafel's concentrated compounds relation between rates electrochemical reactions applied overpotentials. name is presently associated many terms: equation, slope, rearrangement, mechanism hydrogen evolution. The equation corresponding plot 2) in kinetics are relating rate an reaction (in terms current density [i] overpotential [η] applied). first deduced experimentally later shown have theoretical justification. Indeed, it represents simplified version theoretically derived Butler–Volmer when overpotentials rather high (|η| > 0.1 V; region). For large (anodic or cathodic), one part becomes negligible while second can be transformed equation. slope (A) shows how much needs increased increase (which electrochemistry) by 10-fold. In simple case one-electron transfer reaction, determined symmetry factors (αa αc), which usually ca. 0.5, translating 120 mV. empirically from experiments evolution H2, laid background for new area kinetics. also credited discovery catalytic (the mechanism), construction kind coulometer used study H2 Also, he demonstrated that hydrocarbons isomerized structures generated upon reduction respective acetoacetic esters (named rearrangement) 3). This important method synthesis certain alkylated ethyl acetoacetate, accompanied rearrangement alkyl group. author declares no conflict interest.
منابع مشابه
Julius Preuss.
THE OLDEST known Hebrew medical writing is that of Asaph which dates from the seventh century.' Since the ancient Hebrews left us no specific medical texts, our only sources of knowledge on this subject are the medical and hygienic references found in the Jewish sacred, historical, and legal literatures.2 It is from these that the fragments of our knowledge of their medical views and practices ...
متن کاملJulius Information Extractor
The Julius Information Extractor is a system that uses user input to derive a set of rules which are then employed to find and delineate tokens similar to the user’s input. Julius leverages a simple and intuitive GUI design to provide a system for feature extraction over a given corpus. Moreover, this system is unique in that it provides a vehicle by which arbitrary classes may be recognized; w...
متن کاملJulius Wagner-Jauregg (1857–1940)
Apart from the author's specific observations, two broader themes seem to emerge. First, the modem medical fatwais demonstrate a clear continuity from medieval times. Companions of the prophet Muhammad and classical legal compendia are cited as easily-and as cogently-in the twentieth century as in the tenth, the mode of argument is often identical, and the classical terminology of classical Isl...
متن کاملRacial hygiene, active euthanasia, and Julius Hallervorden.
“Hallervorden-Spatz disease” represents a distinctive and readily recognizable eponym to neurologists and pediatricians; it denotes a rare, inherited, autosomal recessive disorder tha t is perhaps a neuraxonal dystrophy, characterized by the childhood onset of unrelenting progressive gait disturbance, spasticity, and dementia associated with prominent extrapyramidal signs such as dystonia, chor...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Electrochemical science advances
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2698-5977']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/elsa.202260002